Olive trees are evergreen trees that thrive in semi-tropical regions. Their height typically ranges from 3 to 12 meters or more, with dark green, oval-shaped leaves that end in a pointed tip. Olive flowers are white and usually bloom in late spring. These flowers come in two types: perfect flowers containing both male and female parts capable of producing fruit, and male-only flowers that rely on wind for pollination.
Olive tree productivity varies from year to year, and it is heavily influenced by how well the tree is fertilized and irrigated. In this article, you will learn the ideal methods for fertilizing olive trees to improve growth and fruit yield.
How to Fertilize Olive Trees
You can fertilize olive trees by following these steps:
1. Fertilizing Timing
It is recommended to fertilize olive trees in the spring season.
2. Use Organic Fertilizers
Organic fertilizers such as compost or well-decomposed manure are ideal because they release nutrients slowly and improve long-term soil health.
3. Apply Nitrogen
Olive trees require good amounts of nitrogen to boost flower and fruit development. Choose fertilizers containing at least 10% nitrogen.
4. Chemical Fertilizers
Chemical fertilizers may be used to quickly resolve specific nutrient deficiencies. However, it is best to consult a specialist to choose the right type and the correct application rate.
5. Fertilizer Placement
Apply fertilizers in the soil around the drip line — not close to the trunk. After fertilizing, water the tree well to help nutrients reach the roots.
Types of Fertilizers for Olive Trees
Olive trees require essential macro and micro-nutrients for healthy growth. Common fertilizer types include:
- Slow-release fertilizers rich in micronutrients such as zinc, calcium, and boron.
- Balanced quick-release fertilizers like 10-10-10 or 13-13-13.
- Liquid fertilizers containing essential trace elements.
- Organic fertilizers, including decomposed animal manure or composted kitchen waste.
Benefits of Fertilizing Olive Trees
Fertilizing olive trees offers many advantages, including:
- Providing essential nutrients needed for strong growth and overall tree health.
- Increasing fruit yield and improving fruit quality, especially when nitrogen levels are adequate.
- Enhancing soil moisture retention and promoting better root development.
- Improving long-term soil fertility when using organic fertilizers.
- Encouraging new branch growth that leads to better flowering and fruiting.
- Correcting nutrient deficiencies quickly when using chemical fertilizers.
- Maintaining nutrient balance in the soil and reducing the risk of disease.
Tips for Fertilizing Olive Trees
Here are some essential tips:
- Avoid fertilizing olive trees after August and before March.
- Do not allow fertilizer to touch the trunk, as it may cause burns.
- Fertilize the tree multiple times in small doses, followed by deep watering.
